In 2005, these scientists had already characterized the first hair-loss gene inherited through the maternal line, which explained why hair-loss in men often reflects that of their maternal grandfathers. This newly discovered gene, on the other hand, may now account for the similarity in cranial hair growth between father and son.
Is it Mom’s Fault?
Probably the genetic variant results in more androgen receptors in the scalp. “Our findings permit two explanations,” Axel Hillmer from Prof. Nöthen’s team explains. “Either more androgen receptors are formed among the men affected, or the variant of the receptor which develops as a result of the genetic change is more stable and is not broken down so quickly. Both mechanisms can lead to the effect of the androgens becoming greater, which in turn brings about hair loss.”
The findings are also interesting for the aspect of how hair loss is inherited. The gene for the androgen receptor lies on the x chromosome. Men always inherit the x chromosome from their mother. In many cases men therefore take after their grandfather on their mother’s side rather than their father. However, this defect is not simply caused by one gene: “We have indications that other genes are involved which are independent of the parents’ sex,” Prof. Nöthen stresses. The hereditary defect can therefore sometimes also be passed on directly from father to son. Bald men wanted.
Maybe we can blame Dad?
A study examining 410 men with premature baldness found evidence of a genetic
influence from the father’s side in only 236 cases. The results reveal that more than one gene is involved in the development of male hair-loss. Hair loss similarities
between father and son have also been observed in another study in regards to
the frequency of male pattern baldness brothers of men having prematurely bald fathers (66%)
compared with brothers of men with unaffected fathers (46%). The relatively strong
association of male pattern baldness between fathers and sons in this study was not consistent with a simple Mendelian autosomal or sex-linked dominant inheritance and suggested
that several genes (a polygenic etiology) may be responsible for male pattern baldness.
Conclusion :
These results also throw interesting light on the inheritance of baldness in that hitherto the only known risk gene for the androgen receptor lay on the X-chromosome, and was thus inherited from the mother – which accounts for the fact that in the case of hair-loss men often take after their maternal grandfathers. However, the newly discovered gene lies on chromosome 20, and can be inherited from both the mother and the father. “This helps to provide an explanation for the similarity between father and son”, declares Professor Nöthen.
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